Browsing by Author "SONIA ANAK NICHOLAS FELIX"
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- ThesisRestrictedPREVALENCE, ASSOCIATED FACTORS AND RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES OF WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AMONG REGISTERED NURSES IN HOSPITALS IN SARAWAK.(International Medical University, 2023)SONIA ANAK NICHOLAS FELIXBackground: Studies have shown that work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) among nurses result in absenteeism, lost productivity, higher medical bills, higher workers' compensation costs and decreased quality of life. Previous research has reported high prevalence rates of WRMSDs among nurses in Malaysia, ranging from 58.8% to 97.3%, depending on the body region and assessment method. However, there is a lack of comprehensive information on how their workplace manages the risks of WRMSDs among RNs. Apart from this, there is limited research on WRMSDs among nurses in Sarawak, a state in East Malaysia. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, associated factors, and risk management practices of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among registered nurses in hospitals in Sarawak. Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional was applied to this study. Data was collected using an online self-reporting survey distributed through purposive and snowball sampling. Data was collected from 204 registered nurses and was analysed using IMU IBM SPSS Version 28.0. Results: The results showed that 95.1% (n=194) of the registered nurses (RNs) reported experiencing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) in at least one body part throughout the last 12 months. The most common areas affected were the lower back (90.2%, n=184), neck (89.7%, n=179) and shoulders (87.7%, n=183). Associated factors identified from the Chi-Square Test were type of institution (p=0.021; OR=8.636; 95% CI: 1.073-69.481), lifting bed-bound patients(p=0.030; OR=0.228; 95% CI: 0.063- 0.829), pulling heavy equipment(p=0.023; OR=0.023; 95% CI: 0.059-0.809), using drawsheets(p=0.017; OR=4.967; 95% CI: 1.342-18.377), and perceived staffing shortages(p=0.017; OR=4.967; 95% CI: 1.342-18.377). The investigator performed additional analysis to investigate predictors of WRMSDs through Multiple Logistic Regression. The identified predictor was perceived staffing shortages (p=0.048; AOR=0.190; CI=0.037 – 0.984). Under Risk Assessment (Qualitative), most RNs reported being assessed on their competency in patient assessment (65.7%, n=134) and equipment handling (85.8%, n=175). In this study, the risk control practices focused on substitution, engineering, and administrative control. Under substitution control, most RNs reported recruiting healthcare assistants (64.3%, n=148) and engaging media to recruit RNs (57.6%, n=204) to combat the shortage of RNs. Under engineering control, the three most common equipment used for patient handling were drawsheets (37.1%, n=153), remote assisted beds (33.3%, n=137), and slide sheets (20.9%, n=86). Under administrative control, only some RNs (48.5%, n=99) reported they attended training on manual handling. Most registered nurses had to care for six or more patients in the morning (72.1%, n=147), afternoon (72.1%, n=147) and night (100%, n=204) shifts. Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the high prevalence of WRMSDs (95.1%, n=194) among RNs in Sarawak, suggesting that employers should implement risk management strategies for WRMSDs in this population. Hospital management should prioritise hiring more RNs, especially in public hospitals, as part of WRMSD prevention guidelines. This would decrease the frequency of lifting and pushing/pulling heavy equipment by the RNs. Additionally, improving access to assistive devices like remote assisted beds, roller boards, hoists, and slide sheets, refraining from using drawsheets and providing training should be considered in WRMSD prevention guidelines. Because risk assessment is required under Malaysia's Occupational Safety and Health (Amendment) Act 2022 beginning in June 2023, it is timely for the hospital to manage risk related to WRMSDs through the risk management process. Keywords: Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders, Registered Nurses, Prevalence, Associated Factors, Risk Management Practices, Sarawak.