Publication: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND STABILITY OF RESVERATROL LOADED SPAN 60 / TWEEN 60 BASED NIOSOMES WITH VITAMIN D AS VESICULAR STABILISER
Date
2024
Authors
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
IMU University
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) is an essential non-flavonoid polyphenolic compound that is
frequently present in numerous botanical species. RSV exhibits properties that
are associated with anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and
cardioprotective effects. Nevertheless, the systemic absorption of the substance
is constrained as a result of its lowered water solubility, which consequently
reduces its oral bioavailability and its natural chemical instability. Using
resveratrol as a model drug, resveratrol-loaded niosomes with two levels of RSV
loading concentration (2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL) were prepared by the thin-film
hydration method with different molar ratios of Span 60 (SP 60) / Tween 60 (TW
60) mixed non-ionic surfactants to vitamin D3 (VD3) and to cholesterol (CHL)
as vesicular stabiliser, respectively. Their physicochemical properties including
shape, vesicle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and stability study,
were characterized by zeta sizer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while
encapsulation efficiency and drug release profile were measured by RP-HPLC
and UV-vis spectrophotometer, respectively. It was found that the ratio of
stabiliser-to-the mixed non-ionic surfactant and the RSV loading concentration
affected particle sizes (125.5 nm to 934.2 nm), PDI (0.492 to 0.794), and zeta
potential (-29.9 mV to -42.1 mV) to various extent, with niosomes prepared from
resveratrol solution loading concentration of 2 mg/mL having more significant
impact. Specifically, VD3-stablised resveratrol-loaded niosomes had a smaller
mean particle size and a lower negative zeta potential value than CHL-stabilised
ones, suggesting that the type of stabiliser and drug concentration affect the zeta
potential but not the stability of the niosomes. The SEM images of selected VD3-
stabilised niosomes (Formulation F3; 4 mg/mL RSV) exhibited a quasispherical
surface shape, while the CHL-stabilised niosome (Formulation F3; 4 mg/mL RSV) showed a spherical shape. Although the RSV entrapment
efficiency (%EE) of the VD3-stabilised niosomes were significantly lower
compared with those of CHL-stabilised niosomes prepared at both RSV loading
concentrations, the VD3-stabilised niosomes had significantly faster RSV
release rate (64.1%) than CHL-stabilised niosomes (56.7%) at 12 hours (F2,
RSV = 4 mg/mL loading conc). In the niosomal stability study, the VD3-
stabilised niosomes have shown better stability when kept at 4°C than at 25°C
over 90 days. Therefore, it can be concluded that VD3 performed better in
enhancing favorable characteristics with regard to particle size, stability, and in
vitro drug release rate, making it an appropriate replacement for CHL as a
stabiliser.
Description
Keywords
Resveratrol, Vitamin D, Biological Availability, Liposomes, Surface-Active Agents